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ISO is one of the three pillars of photography (the other two are shutter speed and aperture), and it has a significant impact on the quality of your photographs. What effect does the ISO setting on your camera have on your photos? In this tutorial, we’ll cover the basics of ISO and show you how to utilize it properly to get the greatest results.
What is ISO?
ISO refers to a setting on a camera that changes the brightness or darkness. Your photos will become brighter as you increase the ISO number. ISO can capture photos in darker environments or make it easier for you to adjust your shutter speed and aperture settings.
But raising your ISO can have serious consequences. An ISO setting too high can cause a photo to show grain or noise. This could make it unusable. There is always a compromise when brightening photos via ISO. If you can’t brighten your photo using shutter speed or aperture, increase your ISO.
What is Base ISO?
Your “base ISO” is the lowest native ISO of your camera. This setting is very important because it allows you to achieve the best image quality and minimizes noise. Some older DSLRs and modern cameras like the Fuji X-T2 have a base ISO of 200.
Most modern digital cameras have a 100 base ISO. To achieve the best image quality, it is best to use the base ISO. It is sometimes difficult to achieve this, especially in low-light situations.
Side note:
Some cameras may have “HI” or “LO” values higher than their native ISO range. These are completely faked and can reduce your image quality. We recommend that you avoid them.
How to Change ISO
The process of changing ISO can vary from one camera to the next. These are the most common methods to change ISO.
You can choose the ISO you want to use by entering a mode. You can exit Auto mode and switch to Manual, Shutter Priority. Aperture Priority, Program, or both (we prefer Manual or Aperture Priority).
To find the ISO section, you will need to open a menu (possibly called the “quick menu”). You can either select the value you prefer or set it as Auto.
Higher-end cameras may have an “ISO” button. To change your ISO setting, press it while spinning one of the wheels. Your camera can program an ISO button if you don’t see one.
Some cameras have a wheel with different ISO settings. This makes it even simpler.
If you are still unsure, consult your camera manual. It is worthwhile to be familiar with how ISO settings are changed quickly. This is especially important if you shoot in low-light conditions without flash or tripod.
What Camera ISO Should You Use?
Although many photographers are familiar with the basics of ISO, they don’t know which ISO value to use in the field. Practically, your camera can allow you to choose from various ISO settings. Different situations require different ISO settings. We will be covering some common scenarios that you might encounter.
When to Use Low ISO
As mentioned above, it is important to use the lowest ISO (base ISO) of your camera whenever possible. You can use a lower ISO if there is enough light. This will minimize noise.
You might still be able to use a low ISO even in dark or dim environments. If your camera is mounted on a tripod or sitting still on a table, you might be able to use a low ISO. You can use a low ISO to brighten the photo and a longer shutter speed instead. This will prevent camera shake. However, keep in mind that even a long shutter speed can make moving objects look ghostly.
It’s a joke, of course! This is my adorable nephew, who was the subject of my long exposure testing. To preserve the detail, I set the ISO to the lowest setting. This required a five-second shutter speed to get a sufficiently bright photo. My nephew sat still while my friend introduced the ghost for a moment.
When to Use High ISO
Although it is best to use low ISOs when possible, there will be times when you need a higher ISO to get a good shot. You often fight motion blur, so you need to choose between sharp photos at high ISO and blurry photos at low ISO. Look at the image below.
These Black Skimmers were captured at 1/2000thof a second and ISO 800. My camera took 1/2000th of a second to freeze the birds in flight. What would have been the result of my camera having been set to ISO 100? I would need a shutter speed of 1/250th the second to capture bright photos. Because the birds were so fast, this setting would have created a lot of unwanted motion blur. The picture would have been ruined.
You should raise the ISO setting if there isn’t enough light to allow the camera to capture sharp photos. To capture the moment without blurring, I set my ISO higher when taking handheld photos indoors. Sometimes, you will need to increase your ISO if you photograph fast action, such as the bird photo above.
Most cameras have an Auto ISO setting. This is great for low-light situations. This setting allows you to input the maximum ISO you would like the camera to use. If I want to reduce noise in photos, I will set my maximum ISO at ISO 800, 1600, or 3200. However, if the ISO limits are reached, the shutter speed will be increased, and more motion blur will result. All of it is a trade-off.
Minimizing Noise and Maximizing Image Quality
Base ISO 100% is the best way for photographers to capture high-quality images. As we have seen, this is not true. You may find yourself in dark areas and use a higher ISO.
Base ISO should only be used when there is sufficient light. You shouldn’t force ISO 100 in dark environments. Your photos will look too dark. You can also use a fast shutter speed for action photography. This is because your camera sensor limits how long it can capture light. A high ISO may be the only choice for some types of action and sports photography.
Here are four steps to improve your image quality:
- Choose the aperture setting that best suits your needs.
- Adjust your ISO to the base value and set your shutter speed to whatever setting gives you good exposure.
- Slowly increase your ISO until blurry subjects disappear.
- If you feel your ISO is too high but still can use a larger aperture, raise it until it reaches a lower level.
This is all you need! These steps will ensure you capture high-quality images every time. The ideal balance between noise and motion blur will be found.
Common ISO Myths and Misconceptions
There are many myths about ISO, some of which are common to hear. We will address these concerns quickly, so you don’t get misled.
You Are Setting Your ISO: Practical Examples
The next section will cover common situations in photography where you might need to increase or decrease your ISO to get the best shots.
When to raise the ISO
You should probably raise the ISO if:
- If your subject is fast, you might be shooting indoor sports events.
- If you’re not using a tripod to shoot landscapes, you will need a deep field of view.
- If you’re photographing a nightscape (or astrophotography), you will need to use a slow shutter speed to freeze the stars.
- Photographing portraits in dark rooms or at night is the best option.
- A party or event is being shot indoors.
- Photographing a dark concert
- You might consider using a tripod if you’re taking photos of an interior or exterior building, such as an art gallery, church, or church. However, this is against the rules for many spaces.
- Photographing wildlife at night or early morning is a good idea, especially if you have a fast shutter speed.
- If you’re trying to photograph fast-moving subjects, you will need a super-fast shutter speed.
- A party at night with high ISO in photography. Dark parties cannot be photographed without a high ISO.
When to keep the ISO low
Here are some times you should use your camera’s ISO base to capture images.
- Your camera is mounted on a tripod, and you are shooting motionless landscapes.
- Portraits are photographed in good lighting.
- Photographing an event requires having plenty of light from a window or using flash.
- Photographing products under powerful artificial lighting
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FAQ
How does ISO affect a photo?
Your ISO setting can be changed to make your photo brighter or darker. The lower your ISO is, the better. This is because you will have less noise and grain in your shots if the ISO is lower.
What is a good ISO for the camera?
Camera ISO ranges from 200 to 1600. Depending on the digital camera model, you may be able to go as low or high as 50. There are two key characteristics associated with the number. It determines the amount of light required for good exposure.
What happens when ISO is too high?
A faster shutter speed and a higher ISO value will reduce or eliminate motion blur. However, there will be more noise if the ISO is too high. If the ISO value is too high, it can cause overexposure in areas with lots of light. Use a tripod to capture landscape images.
What is the best ISO setting for the outdoors?
High ISOs of 800 or higher will allow you to use a fast shutter speed even in low light. However, it can also cause blurred photos and noise. Your ISO should be kept as low as you can without allowing your shutter speed to slow down enough to blur your photos.
Conclusion
It would help if you were an ISO master now that you’ve finished this article.
So grab your camera. Work in a variety of challenging circumstances to hone your skills. Consider whether or not you should increase the ISO.